Key Economic Indicators: Turkey 2026 in Numbers

Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This page compiles key economic statistics for Turkey from official sources, providing a data-driven snapshot of the country’s current economic conditions. It serves as a reference for understanding the Turkish economy in global context.

TL;DR

Turkey’s economy presents a complex picture in 2026: it remains the 19th largest economy globally by nominal GDP, with a population of 86 million and a strategic geographic position bridging Europe and Asia. However, persistent inflation, currency volatility, and structural challenges in employment and current account balance continue to shape policy debates.

Growth and Output

Indicator	Value	Source
Nominal GDP (2025)	$1.44 trillion	World Bank
GDP per capita (2025)	$16,800 (nominal)	IMF
GDP growth rate (2025)	3.2%	TurkStat
Share of services in GDP	59.5%	OECD
Share of industry in GDP	29.2%	OECD
Share of agriculture in GDP	6.5%	World Bank
Global GDP ranking	19th	World Bank

Trade and External Balance

Indicator	Value	Source
Total exports (2025)	$262 billion	TurkStat
Total imports (2025)	$312 billion	TurkStat
Trade deficit (2025)	$50 billion	TurkStat
Main export sector	Automotive ($36B)	Exporters’ Assembly
Main import sector	Energy ($58B)	TurkStat
EU share of exports	40.5%	TurkStat

Inflation and Currency

Indicator	Value	Source
Annual CPI inflation (June 2026)	38.2%	TurkStat
Central Bank policy rate	43.00%	TCMB
USD/TRY exchange rate (July 2026)	39.85	TCMB
Annual exchange rate depreciation	18.3%	TCMB
Producer price inflation	24.7%	TurkStat

Employment and Demographics

Indicator	Value	Source
Total population (2025)	86.2 million	TurkStat
Labor force participation	53.7%	TurkStat
Unemployment rate	8.5%	TurkStat
Youth unemployment (15-24)	16.3%	TurkStat
Median age	33.0 years	UN Population
Urbanization rate	77.5%	World Bank

Energy and Sustainability

Indicator	Value	Source
Total energy imports	$58 billion (2025)	TurkStat
Renewable share of electricity	54.4%	TEIAS
Natural gas consumption	48.6 bcm	BOTAS
Installed solar capacity	19.5 GW	TEIAS
Installed wind capacity	12.8 GW	TEIAS
CO2 emissions per capita	5.2 tonnes	Global Carbon Atlas

Government Finance

Indicator	Value	Source
Central government debt/GDP	29.5%	Ministry of Treasury
Budget deficit/GDP	4.8%	Ministry of Treasury
Tax revenue/GDP	18.2%	OECD

Key Context

As economist Daron Acemoglu of MIT notes in his work on institutions and economic performance, “the differences in economic institutions are the major source of differences in economic development” across countries. Turkey’s economic trajectory illustrates this: its strategic position, young population, and diversified industrial base provide strong fundamentals, while institutional frameworks around central bank independence, regulatory quality, and rule of law significantly influence its economic outcomes.

The data above reflects official statistics as of July 2026. Economic indicators are subject to revision, and readers should consult the primary sources cited for the most current figures. Turkey’s economy remains one of the most closely watched emerging markets, with its unique combination of G20 membership, EU customs union membership, and significant geopolitical positioning.

References

World Bank, “Turkey Country Profile.” https://data.worldbank.org/country/turkey
International Monetary Fund, “World Economic Outlook Database, April 2026.” https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO
Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (TCMB). https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/
OECD, “Turkey Economic Snapshot.” https://data.oecd.org/
Turkish Exporters’ Assembly (TIM). https://www.tim.gov.tr/
Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation (TEIAS). https://www.teias.gov.tr/
BOTAŞ Petroleum Pipeline Corporation. https://www.botas.gov.tr/
Ministry of Treasury and Finance. https://www.hazine.gov.tr/
United Nations Population Division. https://population.un.org/
Global Carbon Atlas. https://www.globalcarbonatlas.org/
Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. (2012), “Why Nations Fail,” Crown Business. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Nations_Fail

Inflation on Arda Akgül